In a few decades, Islam rose to prominence as the second most important religion in France. This dynamic deserves to be analyzed in terms of its essential interactions with another phenomenon: immigration, particularly from outside Europe. The interactions can be understood in terms of three different drivers: the acceleration in current inflows, many of which now come from the Islamic world; the different birth rates of the immigrant populations at stake; and the greater religious transmission within Muslim families. Moreover, through capillary mechanisms inherent in diaspora phenomena, migratory flows import the trends in Islamic observance at work in the countries of origin. They also offer a ground for foreign government interference through religious organizations.
